- bhavya gada
- No Comments
Groundcovers are a great alternative to grass for Maryland homeowners looking to simplify yard care and support local ecosystems. These low-growing plants require less maintenance, conserve water, and thrive in areas where turfgrass struggles. Whether you’re dealing with shaded spots, steep slopes, or narrow spaces, groundcovers can handle it with minimal effort.
Here’s a quick overview of some top groundcovers for Maryland:
- Carpet Juniper: Loves full sun, thrives in poor, well-drained soils, and needs very little care.
- Moss Phlox: Adds spring color to sunny, well-drained areas and tolerates dry conditions.
- Golden Ragwort: A fast-spreading option for moist, shady areas with bright yellow spring blooms.
- Sedum (Stonecrop): Perfect for dry, rocky spots in full sun, requiring almost no upkeep.
- Native Violet: Great for shaded areas, helps pollinators, and spreads easily.
Each option offers unique benefits, from erosion control to supporting wildlife. By matching plants to your yard’s light and soil conditions, you can create a low-maintenance, visually appealing landscape that works with nature instead of against it.
Lawn Alternatives in the Mid-Atlantic
How to Choose the Right Groundcover
Selecting the right groundcover for your yard starts with understanding your existing conditions. Instead of reshaping your yard to fit specific plants, focus on matching plants to your current environment. As the University of Maryland Extension advises:
"Success is more likely when you choose plants that suit the current site conditions, instead of trying to change conditions to meet the needs of particular plants." [1]
This approach not only saves time and money but also leads to a low-maintenance, resilient landscape. Start by assessing the light and soil conditions in your yard to identify the best groundcover options.
Light and Soil Requirements
Sunlight exposure is a critical factor. Observe how much direct sunlight different areas of your yard receive throughout the day. Full sun areas get 6 or more hours of direct sunlight, partial shade receives 3-6 hours, and full shade gets less than 3 hours.
Matching plants to their light preferences is essential for their health. Shade-adapted plants can suffer in too much sun, while sun-loving plants placed in shade often grow weak and spindly. For sunny spots, options like creeping thyme, creeping juniper, or dragon’s blood sedum are excellent choices. In shaded areas, sweet woodruff, wild ginger, or foam flower thrive.
Soil conditions are equally important. In Maryland, soils range from moisture-retaining clay to fast-draining sandy loam. Instead of heavily modifying your soil, choose groundcovers that naturally adapt to your yard’s existing moisture and soil type. For instance, lyreleaf sage can handle both wet and dry conditions, though it requires more shade in dry soils [3].
Additionally, consider how local wildlife may interact with your groundcovers, as browsing animals can influence plant success [1].
Growth Patterns and Care Needs
Understanding how groundcovers grow can help you choose plants that suit your maintenance preferences and available space. Some groundcovers, like certain sedums, spread aggressively and quickly suppress weeds but may require regular trimming to keep them in check.
Height and spread are also key considerations. Low-growing groundcovers under 3 inches create a dense, carpet-like appearance, while those reaching 6-12 inches add texture and visual interest.
Decide between evergreen and deciduous groundcovers based on your seasonal goals. Evergreen varieties provide consistent coverage year-round, while deciduous ones may offer vibrant fall colors or unique winter structures before going dormant.
Think about establishment time as well. Fast-spreading groundcovers offer quicker results but often need more management, while slower-growing varieties take longer to fill in but generally require less upkeep in the long run. To prevent invasive plants from spreading into your lawn, the University of Maryland Extension suggests installing garden edging along planting beds [1].
Once you’ve considered growth habits, think about the extra benefits these plants can bring to your yard.
Environmental and Visual Benefits
Beyond light, soil, and growth patterns, native groundcovers can enhance your yard by providing erosion control and visual appeal. Native species like golden ragwort thrive in moist, shady areas, while moss phlox is ideal for sunny slopes [4].
Erosion control is especially important on slopes or in areas with poor soil stability. Groundcovers create root systems that anchor the soil, reducing erosion, while also enriching the soil with organic matter as they grow.
Using a mix of groundcover species rather than relying on just one can make your landscape more resilient and support a greater variety of wildlife [1]. A diverse mix also adds visual interest, with different bloom times, foliage colors, and textures throughout the year.
The Montgomery County RainScapes program highlights the impact of thoughtful groundcover selection. Between 2021 and 2023, this initiative planted 133,274 groundcover plants, creating landscapes that effectively manage stormwater while supporting local ecosystems [2].
Best Groundcovers for Maryland Lawns
Maryland’s diverse soils and moisture levels can make lawn care tricky, but certain groundcovers thrive in these conditions. These plants not only help control erosion but also support local wildlife. Here are five excellent choices tailored to Maryland’s environment.
Carpet Juniper (Juniperus horizontalis)
Carpet juniper is a hardy evergreen that thrives in tough spots. It loves full sun and adapts well to poor, rocky, or sandy soils with fast drainage. Once established, it’s drought-resistant and great for stabilizing slopes and embankments. Maintenance is minimal, requiring only occasional pruning to clear away dead growth.
Moss Phlox (Phlox subulata)
This low-growing perennial adds a burst of color to sunny slopes each spring. Moss phlox prefers well-drained soil and full sun, tolerates dry conditions, and is only mildly affected by deer. A light trim after its spring bloom helps maintain its shape and may encourage a second round of flowers.
Golden Ragwort (Packera aurea)
Golden ragwort is a standout for moist, shady areas where other groundcovers might struggle. This semi-evergreen wildflower spreads quickly through underground rhizomes, making it effective for erosion control. Its bright yellow flowers bloom in early spring, providing an important food source for pollinators. It thrives in partial to full shade with consistently moist soil, though its vigorous growth may need occasional edging to keep it in check.
Sedum (Stonecrop)
Sedum, also called stonecrop, is a drought-resistant option for dry, rocky areas. This succulent stores water in its thick leaves, making it perfect for well-drained, sun-filled spots like rock gardens or the gaps between stepping stones. Once established, sedum requires almost no maintenance.
Native Violet (Viola sororia)
Native violet is a shade-loving perennial that’s a boon for local ecosystems, drawing in native pollinators. It spreads naturally through rhizomes and self-seeding, forming attractive colonies beneath trees and shrubs. Blooming in spring, it adapts to various soil types and moisture levels in partial to full shade. In more formal settings, you might need to trim it occasionally to keep it tidy.
| Groundcover | Light Requirements | Soil Preferences | Deer Resistance | Spread Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carpet Juniper | Full sun | Poor, well-drained | High | Moderate |
| Moss Phlox | Full sun | Well-drained | Average | Moderate |
| Golden Ragwort | Partial to full shade | Moist | Low | Aggressive |
| Sedum (Stonecrop) | Full sun | Poor, rocky, dry | High | Slow to moderate |
| Native Violet | Partial to full shade | Average moisture | Average | Aggressive |
Up next, we’ll dive into how to install and care for these groundcovers to get the most out of them.
sbb-itb-843f8be
Groundcover Comparison Chart
Here’s a quick look at some key traits to help you choose the right groundcover for your Maryland lawn:
| Groundcover | Evergreen/Deciduous | Wildlife Value | Maintenance Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carpet Juniper | Evergreen | Low to moderate | Very low |
| Moss Phlox | Evergreen | Moderate | Low |
| Golden Ragwort | Semi-evergreen | High | Low to moderate |
| Sedum (Stonecrop) | Evergreen | Moderate | Very low |
| Native Violet | Deciduous | Very high | Low |
Let’s break down some of these features in more detail.
Evergreen options like carpet juniper, moss phlox, and sedum provide structure and greenery throughout the year, making them ideal for consistent visual appeal. On the other hand, native violets and golden ragwort, with their seasonal foliage, offer a contrasting look that changes with the seasons.
When it comes to supporting wildlife, native violets and golden ragwort stand out, offering essential resources for local pollinators and other beneficial species. Their high wildlife value makes them a great choice for those looking to create a more eco-friendly yard.
As for upkeep, all these groundcovers are relatively low-maintenance. For example, sedum thrives in well-drained soils and requires very little attention, while the others may need an occasional trim to keep them tidy and within their designated areas.
Installation and Care Tips
Getting groundcovers to thrive instead of struggle comes down to thoughtful preparation, smart planting, and consistent early care. These steps set the stage for a lush, low-maintenance landscape.
Site Preparation
Start with soil testing – it’s the foundation of success. Reach out to your local extension office or use a soil testing service to check your soil’s pH and nutrient levels. Once you know what your soil needs, you can add the right amendments to create the best growing conditions.
Next, remove existing turf and weeds to give your groundcovers a clean slate. You can use methods like covering the area with newspaper or cardboard, rototilling, applying herbicides, or manually removing sod. Clearing the space helps eliminate competition for water and nutrients.
After clearing, work a 1–2-inch layer of compost into the soil. This step improves drainage, boosts moisture retention, and introduces beneficial microorganisms that help your plants establish quickly. Compost is a simple yet powerful way to create a healthy environment for roots.
Don’t forget proper grading. Ensure the area slopes away from buildings and avoids pooling water. Even groundcovers that tolerate wet conditions prefer soil that drains well. Once your site is prepped, you’re ready to plant.
Planting and Establishment
Spacing matters. Most groundcovers should be planted 12–18 inches apart, though specific spacing depends on the plant. Closer spacing fills in the area faster but requires more plants upfront, while wider spacing saves money but takes longer to cover the ground.
Watering is critical in the early stages. Water deeply 2–3 times per week in the morning to encourage strong root growth and reduce evaporation. Check soil moisture about 2–3 inches deep to ensure it’s not drying out. Sandy soils may need more frequent watering, while clay soils retain moisture longer.
"Plants need more frequent watering from planting time until becoming well rooted, which may take two or more growing seasons. Once established, plants can then be weaned to tolerate less frequent watering" [7].
To help retain moisture and suppress weeds, apply a thin layer of organic mulch. Keep the mulch away from plant stems to prevent rot. This step is especially important during the first year as the plants establish themselves.
Maintenance
Once your groundcovers are established, regular care keeps them thriving. Weed manually during the first two years to help your groundcovers outcompete unwanted plants. Pull weeds when the soil is moist to remove roots completely, and avoid herbicides that could harm your groundcovers.
During dry periods, water deeply when the top 2 inches of soil are dry. Deep, infrequent watering encourages drought tolerance by promoting deeper root growth.
"Proper weaning develops deep roots and makes the plants more drought tolerant" [7].
Manage leaf litter based on your groundcover type. For native options like golden ragwort or violets, fallen leaves can act as natural mulch. Just rake or blow aside thick piles that might smother the plants.
As your groundcovers mature, control their spread. Dig up or divide plants that are growing too aggressively, and use garden edging to prevent rhizomatous groundcovers from invading nearby areas. Some groundcovers also benefit from occasional trimming to keep them looking tidy.
Research can also guide your choices. For example, the Mt. Cuba Center studied 70 Carex species to evaluate their performance as lawn alternatives, looking at factors like mowing tolerance, appearance, and texture underfoot [6]. Insights like these help you understand what to expect from different groundcover options.
Finally, seasonal monitoring helps you catch issues early. Check for pests, diseases, or thin spots in coverage. Addressing problems promptly ensures your groundcover stays healthy and attractive. These maintenance steps are key to achieving a beautiful, low-maintenance landscape.
Conclusion
Groundcovers are a smart and eco-friendly alternative to traditional lawns. They help suppress weeds, control erosion, and improve habitats. As the University of Maryland Extension explains:
"Covering exposed ground with plant growth as a ‘living mulch’ provides multiple benefits: suppressing weeds… controlling erosion… enriching habitat… enhancing a garden’s aesthetic value… substituting lawn in conditions not suitable for turfgrass" [1].
Beyond their practical uses, groundcovers bring ecological and aesthetic perks. They require less upkeep, reduce the risks associated with mowing, and are a safer option for steep slopes [8]. From an environmental perspective, these plants support wildlife, act as natural rainwater filters, and help clean the air while boosting biodiversity [8] [5]. They also contribute to cooler urban microclimates, lowering temperatures by about 5°F [5]. On the visual side, groundcovers introduce a mix of textures, colors, and seasonal charm [8]. Plus, studies show that green spaces can lower stress levels and improve neighborhood satisfaction [5].
For Maryland homeowners, groundcovers are a perfect blend of beauty and practicality. Pro Landscapes MD specializes in crafting sustainable outdoor spaces tailored to the region’s unique climate. Their services span landscape design, construction, planting, and maintenance, ensuring vibrant and thriving gardens across central Maryland.
Whether you’re tackling steep slopes, shaded areas, or just aiming to cut back on lawn care while supporting local ecosystems, choosing the right groundcovers – and having them expertly installed – can transform your landscape into a low-maintenance, environmentally friendly haven.
FAQs
What’s the best way to choose groundcover plants for my yard in Maryland?
To choose the right groundcover plants for your Maryland yard, start by evaluating your yard’s light conditions, soil type, and moisture levels. Some plants thrive in full sunlight, while others do better in shaded or damp spots. Opting for native or locally adapted species is a smart move – they’re naturally suited to Maryland’s climate, which means they’ll need less upkeep and are more likely to flourish.
For personalized advice, reach out to local nurseries or landscapers. These experts can recommend plants that thrive in your specific area, helping you create a yard that stays lush and vibrant throughout the year.
Why should I choose native groundcovers instead of traditional turfgrass for my Maryland lawn?
Native groundcovers are an excellent option for Maryland lawns, offering a blend of practicality and environmental benefits. These plants are perfectly adapted to the local climate, which means they require far less water, minimal mowing, and fewer pesticides compared to traditional turfgrass. That translates to saving both time and resources.
Beyond their ease of care, native groundcovers play a vital role in supporting local ecosystems. They create habitats for pollinators and other wildlife, enhancing biodiversity right in your backyard. Plus, they’re incredibly versatile – many varieties flourish in shaded areas and can handle a range of soil types. If you’re looking for a greener, easier-to-manage alternative for your outdoor space, native groundcovers are a great way to go.
What are the best ways to manage groundcovers and prevent them from spreading too much?
To prevent groundcovers from taking over your garden, start by choosing native, non-invasive plants like Pennsylvania Sedge or sedums, which are naturally suited to Maryland’s environment. Keep an eye on your garden and prune back any overgrowth regularly to maintain clear boundaries. For added control, you can try sheet mulching – lay down cardboard and cover it with mulch to block unwanted spreading.
If you notice invasive growth, manual removal is often a good solution. For more stubborn cases, a carefully applied herbicide might be necessary – just make sure to follow the instructions closely. With consistent care, groundcovers can enhance your landscape without becoming a problem.
Chat with Us