Looking to stop erosion on your property in Maryland? Here’s what you need to know:

Native plants are your best bet for controlling soil erosion. They’re low-maintenance, adapted to Maryland’s climate, and have deep roots that hold soil in place. Plus, they support local wildlife and improve water quality by reducing runoff and sediment pollution.

Key Takeaways:

• Top Grasses for Erosion Control: Switchgrass, Big Bluestem, Little Bluestem, Indiangrass, Broomsedge Bluestem, and Eastern Gamagrass.
• Best Ground Covers: Green and Gold, Golden Ragwort, Wild Strawberry, Virginia Creeper, Eastern Teaberry, and Moss Phlox.
• Effective Shrubs: Coastal Sweetpepperbush, Staghorn Sumac, and Mapleleaf Viburnum.
• Site-Specific Planting: Match plants to soil type, sunlight, and moisture levels for the best results.
• Additional Solutions: Rain gardens, buffer strips, and erosion control blankets can enhance the effectiveness of native plants.

Native plants stabilize slopes, protect waterways like the Chesapeake Bay, and create a healthier environment. Whether you’re dealing with steep slopes or waterlogged areas, choosing the right plants can make all the difference.

For a quick comparison of the best grasses for erosion control, check out the table below:

Key Factors for Erosion Control in Maryland

Maryland’s Soil and Climate Conditions

Maryland’s varied geography presents unique challenges when it comes to managing erosion. In the Coastal Plain, sandy soils that drain quickly are especially prone to erosion during heavy rains. Meanwhile, areas like the Piedmont Plateau have clay-heavy soils that compact easily, increasing surface runoff. When erosion occurs, it strips away nutrient-rich topsoil, which not only harms plant health but also impacts water quality. The sediment that washes away often ends up in waterways, where it can suffocate aquatic life and raise water temperatures. To make matters worse, these sediments often carry pollutants like bacteria, nutrients, and heavy metals, further contaminating water sources. These environmental concerns highlight the need for selecting plants that are well-suited to Maryland’s specific conditions.

Why Native Plants Work Best for Erosion Control

Native plants are an excellent choice for stabilizing soil in Maryland. Over time, these plants have adapted to the region’s unique soil and climate, making them particularly effective for erosion control. Their deep, fibrous root systems are especially good at holding soil in place, far outperforming many non-native species. As the U.S. National Park Service explains:

"Native grasses and sedges are particularly effective due to their fibrous roots that grab and hold the soil, keeping it from washing away." ^[1]

Field studies have consistently shown that native species are highly effective at stabilizing slopes. But their benefits go beyond just soil stabilization. Native plants also play a key role in supporting local ecosystems. The U.S. National Park Service notes:

"Use of native plants also helps restore native habitat for birds, small mammals, and estuarine invertebrates, which are vital to the success of the coastal marsh ecosystem." ^[1]

Matching Plants to Site Conditions

For erosion control to be effective, the plants chosen must match the specific conditions of the site. For example, a plant that thrives in sunny, well-drained areas may struggle in shaded or waterlogged spots, leaving the soil vulnerable during its establishment period. Assessing how much sun an area receives is crucial for deciding between sun-loving grasses and wildflowers or shade-tolerant ground covers.

Soil drainage and moisture levels are equally critical. Instead of making extensive changes to the site, it’s better to select plants that naturally thrive in the existing conditions. In areas where trees and shrubs are already established, competition for nutrients and moisture can be intense, so choosing species that can tolerate these challenges is a smart strategy.

The growth habits of plants also matter. While fast-growing species can stabilize soil quickly, they may spread too aggressively if not carefully managed. On steeper slopes, plants with strong, deep root systems are essential for holding the soil in place. In contrast, gently sloping areas can support a wider variety of species, though temporary erosion control measures may still be needed during the early stages of plant establishment.

Best Native Grasses for Erosion Control

Native grasses play a vital role in controlling erosion across Maryland by anchoring soil with their deep, sprawling roots, especially during heavy rains and storms. Beyond their practical benefits, these grasses also provide essential habitats for local wildlife.

Top Native Grasses for Maryland

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a standout choice for erosion control, with roots that can extend up to 10 feet deep, making it ideal for stabilizing slopes ^[2]. In 2020, the Maryland Department of Natural Resources recommended switchgrass as a native alternative to invasive species like Chinese silvergrass ^[5]. This grass grows between 3–7 feet tall with a spread of 2–3 feet and thrives in diverse soil conditions, from dry, sandy areas to wet, clay-heavy sites. It performs well in both full sun and partial shade.

Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) is another excellent option, growing to heights of 5–7 feet. Its strong root system helps stabilize soil effectively. Big bluestem adapts to various soil types, including sandy, loamy, clayey, or even acidic soils, but it thrives best in full sun. Its tall growth makes it particularly suited for larger slopes that need significant above-ground coverage.

For areas with dry, challenging conditions, Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) is a reliable choice. This grass grows 2–4 feet tall and tolerates dry soils, making it perfect for upland sites. It requires full sun and performs well in a variety of soil types.

Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) offers a mid-range option, reaching 4–6 feet in height. It works well in both dry and moderately wet areas but requires full sun to effectively stabilize soil.

Broomsedge Bluestem (Andropogon virginicus) is well-suited for poor, low-fertility soils. Growing 2–4 feet tall, it thrives in old fields and other challenging areas where other plants may struggle to establish, providing quick and reliable erosion control.

Eastern Gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides) is the tallest of the group, reaching 6–8 feet in height. It prefers moist, well-drained, and fertile soils, making it ideal for areas with consistent moisture. This grass grows best in full to partial sun.

To achieve the best results, it’s important to match the grass species to the specific conditions of your site. For example, switchgrass thrives in wetter areas, while little bluestem excels in dry, upland locations. Experts often suggest using a mix of approximately 50% native warm-season grasses and 50% forbs and shrubs for more comprehensive erosion control ^[3].

These grasses not only stabilize the soil but also improve water infiltration and reduce runoff, helping to protect water quality – an especially valuable benefit for properties near the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. Up next, learn how native ground covers and shrubs can work alongside these grasses to provide even more effective soil stabilization.

Best Native Ground Covers and Shrubs for Erosion Control

Native ground covers and shrubs are excellent allies in tackling erosion. They create dense root systems that hold soil in place, reduce water runoff, and enhance the stability of various landscapes. In Montgomery County, for example, targeted plantings have been shown to effectively manage stormwater while minimizing erosion ^[9].

Top Ground Covers for Erosion Control

Here are some standout native ground covers that can help stabilize slopes and protect soil:

• Green and Gold (Chrysogonum virginianum): Perfect for Maryland slopes, this low-growing plant produces cheerful yellow flowers in spring and sporadically through the summer. It spreads through rhizomes and thrives in well-drained soils ^[8].
• Golden Ragwort (Packera aurea): A versatile option that tolerates both moist and dry conditions. It performs well in shaded areas, offering daisy-like yellow blooms in early spring that attract pollinators. Plus, it’s resistant to deer and rabbits, making it a great native alternative to invasive English ivy ^[9][8].
• Wild Strawberry (Fragaria virginiana): Known for its rapid spread via runners, this ground cover works in sun or shade, providing quick coverage for slopes while also attracting wildlife ^[8].
• Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia): This fast-growing deciduous vine adapts to various conditions, creating a lush ground cover. It adds visual interest with vibrant fall foliage and supports small wildlife and pollinators ^[8].
• Eastern Teaberry (Gaultheria procumbens): Ideal for woodland areas, this evergreen ground cover protects soil year-round with its low-growing habit ^[6].
• Moss Phlox (Phlox subulata): A great choice for sunny slopes, this plant not only fights erosion but also delivers a stunning display of colorful blooms in spring ^[9].

If your site needs deeper soil stabilization, native shrubs can provide a more robust solution.

Top Shrubs for Erosion Control

These native shrubs are particularly effective for erosion control:

• Coastal Sweetpepperbush (Clethra alnifolia): Thrives in shaded areas, stabilizing soil with its fibrous root system while offering fragrant summer blooms ^[11].
• Staghorn Sumac (Rhus typhina): This shrub is a champion in poor soils, thanks to its aggressive root suckering. Its drought tolerance ensures long-term success ^[11].
• Mapleleaf Viburnum (Viburnum acerifolium): Perfect for shaded, woodland settings, this shrub stabilizes soil with its extensive root system. It also provides year-round interest, featuring spring flowers, summer berries, and colorful fall foliage ^[11].

For shaded slopes, it’s best to minimize root disturbance by planting small, well-established specimens or using seeds ^[10]. The University of Maryland Extension emphasizes:

"In the forest, even soil that seems devoid of vegetation is likely to be full of tree roots. As a result, in the woods, you don’t need to cover every square inch of ground to prevent erosion" ^[10].

Plants with fibrous roots or those that spread vigorously via stolons are especially effective for erosion control ^[6]. When selecting plants, consider your site’s light exposure – whether full, filtered, or partial shade – and consult a local native plant vendor to match plants to your soil’s texture, pH, and moisture levels ^[10].

When paired with native grasses, these ground covers and shrubs create a powerful combination for stabilizing soil and supporting a healthy ecosystem.

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Designing Landscapes with Erosion Control Plants

Using native plants for soil stabilization is a proven method, but combining them with thoughtful design and engineered features can take your landscape to the next level. A well-planned landscape not only prevents erosion but also manages water flow effectively – all while looking great.

Planting Techniques for Slopes

Stabilizing slopes starts with selecting the right planting methods for your specific site. Dense plantings are key – they outcompete weeds and offer solid protection against soil erosion^[14]. Begin by removing invasive weeds like Canada Thistle with a systemic herbicide^[14].

For sunny slopes, go with hardy, fast-spreading native plants such as Clustered Mountainmint, American Germander, and Black-eyed Susan. These plants germinate quickly, resist deer, and endure through the winter^[7]. On steep slopes, where deer are less likely to graze, you can experiment with species that might be more vulnerable on flat terrain^[7].

For shaded slopes, a gentler approach works best to avoid disturbing established roots. The University of Maryland Extension advises sowing seeds or planting small potted plants in these areas^[10]. Woodland species like Eastern Bottlebrush Grass (Elymus hystrix) are ideal – they resist deer and germinate quickly^[10]. To further stabilize slopes, use erosion control blankets when sowing seeds, and finish the process with a layer of mulch to suppress weeds^[13][14].

While plantings are essential, adding complementary landscape features can enhance erosion control and improve functionality.

Adding Rain Gardens and Buffer Strips

Rain gardens and buffer strips are natural solutions for managing stormwater and filtering runoff^[17]. Pairing these features with slope plantings can significantly boost your landscape’s ability to handle water flow.

Rain gardens are shallow depressions designed to capture and filter runoff. To maximize their impact, plan for them to cover 10–20% of the drainage area and situate them at least 10 feet away from buildings. Divide the garden into zones – wet, mesic, and transition – and choose native plants suited to each moisture level. Improving soil drainage with materials like sand and compost ensures the rain garden functions effectively^[15].

Buffer strips are another powerful tool. These strips should extend 25–100 feet on land and 25–50 feet into lakes, covering 50–75% of the shoreline. Use a mix of native grasses, sedges, and wildflowers that thrive in various moisture conditions^[16]. Along the water’s edge, aquatic plants like sedges, Blue Flag iris, bulrushes, and cattails are excellent choices. Leave a 3–5-foot section above the waterline unmowed to encourage native vegetation growth^[16][17].

"The benefits of creating shoreline and waterway buffer strips, rain gardens, and restoring wetlands are many: they filter rain run-off; create plant and insect biodiversity; prevent erosion; and increase water infiltration." – Prairiescapes ^[16]

Both rain gardens and buffer strips use wetland plants to stabilize banks, filter pollutants, and provide habitat for wildlife^[12][16]. Trees with deep root systems are also invaluable for securing soil on slopes^[12].

"Maintaining dense beneficial vegetation around your lake or pond is extremely beneficial for improving water quality by preventing erosion and limiting nutrients from entering your lake or pond at the site." – Solitude Lake Management ^[17]

When designing rain gardens, consider placing them near downspouts or between paved surfaces to capture runoff effectively. Bioswales, which function similarly to rain gardens, can also help stabilize soil and filter out excess nutrients. For expert advice on erosion prevention and optimizing these features, reach out to your local Soil & Water Conservation District^[7].

Pro Landscapes MD‘s Erosion Control Services

Pro Landscapes MD is the go-to expert for managing erosion across Maryland’s varied landscapes. They offer more than just quick fixes – they create customized erosion control systems through detailed assessments, smart plant choices, and professional installations designed for long-term success.

Site Assessment and Custom Design

Every project begins with a thorough site evaluation. Pro Landscapes MD’s team examines factors like soil composition, slope gradients, drainage patterns, and existing vegetation to craft a solution tailored to your property. This ensures plants are placed where they’ll thrive and provide the most effective soil stabilization.

Their designs blend native plant choices with engineered drainage solutions when necessary. Whether it’s a steep residential slope in Ellicott City or shoreline erosion along the Chesapeake Bay, they develop strategies to address the specific challenges of your landscape.

Native Plant Expertise

Pro Landscapes MD emphasizes eco-friendly, sustainable solutions by focusing on native plants. These plants not only conserve water but also promote healthy ecosystems. Their team of horticulturists selects grasses, shrubs, and ground covers that work best with Maryland’s diverse soils and moisture levels – from sandy Eastern Shore terrains to heavy clay soils near Baltimore.

They prepare the soil, carefully position plants for maximum coverage, and use proven installation methods to ensure new plantings thrive. Their approach prioritizes dense plantings to suppress weeds and establish strong, long-lasting erosion control.

Integrated Drainage Solutions

What sets Pro Landscapes MD apart is their ability to integrate plantings with advanced drainage systems. They use features like French drains, berms, swales, and stormwater systems to complement plant-based solutions. These designs ensure water flows correctly, reducing erosion risks and giving vegetation the conditions they need to develop deep, stabilizing root systems.

For projects involving rain gardens or bioswales, their team handles everything – from excavation and soil preparation to plant selection and installation. This combination of drainage and planting creates a powerful, cohesive erosion control strategy.

Ongoing Maintenance and Support

Proper maintenance is essential for erosion control success, and Pro Landscapes MD offers ongoing support to keep your landscape performing optimally. Their services include weed management during the critical establishment phase, additional plantings if needed, and adjustments to drainage systems as the landscape evolves.

Unlike traditional ornamental gardens, erosion control landscapes require specialized care. Pro Landscapes MD focuses on maintaining plant density, managing invasive species, and ensuring drainage features continue to function effectively over time.

Service Areas and Expertise

Pro Landscapes MD serves central Maryland, including Howard, Montgomery, Carroll, Frederick, Prince George’s, and Baltimore counties. Their deep understanding of Maryland’s soils, rainfall patterns, and native plants allows them to tackle erosion challenges with precision.

From stabilizing residential slopes in Potomac to managing commercial stormwater systems in Columbia, they bring a blend of horticultural knowledge, engineering expertise, and local experience to every project. Whether you need a complete erosion control system or enhancements to your existing landscape, Pro Landscapes MD delivers solutions that protect your property while supporting Maryland’s natural environment.

Conclusion

Opting for native plants to combat erosion in Maryland does more than just prevent soil loss – it nurtures landscapes that harmonize with the local environment. These plants are well-suited to Maryland’s unique climate and soil, developing deep, fibrous root systems that stabilize the ground far better than non-native species.

According to EPA research, maintaining native plantings costs approximately $3,000 per acre over 20 years, compared to a staggering $20,000 for non-native turf grasses ^[18]. With roots that can extend 10–15 feet deep ^[18], native plants significantly reduce stormwater runoff, helping to protect the Chesapeake Bay by minimizing sediment and nutrient pollution ^[4].

"Native plants are the ecological basis upon which life depends, including pollinators, birds and people. Without them and the insects that co-evolved with them, local wildlife cannot survive." – Luna Botanicals ^[18]

For property owners dealing with slope erosion, drainage challenges, or unstable soil, professional guidance is essential. Experts can ensure the right plants are chosen and installed based on factors like soil type, slope steepness, moisture levels, and sun exposure.

Professional services take these benefits even further. Pro Landscapes MD combines horticultural knowledge with engineering precision to deliver effective erosion control solutions across central Maryland. Their comprehensive approach includes detailed site assessments, soil preparation, strategic planting, and integrated drainage systems.

Whether you’re stabilizing a residential slope in Ellicott City, managing stormwater runoff in Columbia, or restoring eroded areas near waterways, professional installation provides durable protection. By blending native plant expertise with proven techniques, Pro Landscapes MD designs erosion control systems that not only safeguard your property but also contribute to Maryland’s natural ecosystems.

FAQs

What should I consider when selecting native plants for erosion control in Maryland?

When tackling erosion control in Maryland, it’s smart to choose plants with deep or fibrous root systems that can hold soil in place effectively. Grasses like prairie cordgrass and river oats are great choices for stabilizing soil and reducing runoff.

Equally important is selecting plants that thrive in Maryland’s specific climate and soil conditions. Native species are naturally suited to the area, making them hardier and more supportive of local ecosystems. For instance, native ground covers and shrubs not only help prevent soil erosion but also provide food and shelter for pollinators and wildlife.

If you’re looking for expert guidance, Pro Landscapes MD offers professional landscaping services to design an erosion-resistant outdoor space that’s both functional and visually appealing.

How do rain gardens and buffer strips work with native plants to control erosion in Maryland?

Rain gardens and buffer strips, when paired with native plants, are excellent tools for managing erosion and keeping soil in place. Rain gardens, planted with native species, are designed to collect and soak up stormwater in low-lying areas. This helps prevent runoff from carrying soil away. Meanwhile, buffer strips – made up of native grasses and wildflowers – serve as natural shields along slopes or waterways. They trap sediments and filter out pollutants before they can cause harm.

The secret lies in the deep roots of native plants. These roots firmly anchor the soil while also boosting water absorption. This combination makes rain gardens and buffer strips a smart, natural way to tackle erosion in Maryland’s climate. Plus, they add a touch of beauty to your outdoor space.

Why are native plants the best choice for controlling erosion in Maryland?

Native plants are an excellent option for managing erosion in Maryland. They’ve naturally adapted to the region’s soil, climate, and weather, which means they can thrive with less effort. Unlike non-native species, they usually don’t need extra watering or fertilization, making them a low-maintenance choice.

Certain plants, like switchgrass, sedge, and other grasses with fibrous roots, are especially effective at keeping soil in place. Their deep, widespread root systems anchor the soil, even on slopes, helping to prevent erosion. Plus, when you opt for native plants, you’re doing more than just protecting your property – you’re also helping to sustain Maryland’s local ecosystem.

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