- bhavya gada
- No Comments
Native plants are better suited for Maryland landscapes because they require less water, fertilizer, and maintenance compared to non-native species. While native plants may have higher upfront costs, they save money over time and support local ecosystems. Non-native plants, on the other hand, often need more care and can disrupt the environment.
Key Takeaways:
- Cost: Native plants cost more initially but have lower long-term maintenance expenses.
- Maintenance: Native plants thrive naturally in Maryland’s climate with minimal upkeep, unlike non-native plants.
- Ecosystem Impact: Native species support more wildlife and pollinators, while non-native plants can harm biodiversity.
Quick Comparison:
| Category | Native Plants | Non-Native Plants |
|---|---|---|
| Initial Cost | Higher | Lower |
| Maintenance Cost | Lower | Higher |
| Water Needs | Minimal after establishment | Higher |
| Wildlife Support | High (e.g., 550+ species of insects) | Limited (e.g., 5 species) |
| Environmental Risks | Low | Can disrupt local ecosystems |
Choosing native plants not only saves money in the long run but also helps Maryland’s environment and wildlife thrive.
The Great Plant Debate: Native vs. Non-Native
Cost Breakdown: Native vs. Non-Native Plants
When it comes to landscaping in Maryland, native and non-native plants bring different costs to the table – both upfront and over time. While native plants might seem more expensive at first, they often lead to significant savings in the long run. Here’s a closer look at how these costs stack up, from purchase to upkeep.
Purchase and Installation Costs
Native plants usually come with a higher price tag at the start compared to non-native options. This difference becomes especially clear in larger landscaping projects.
For example, establishing a traditional lawn with grass seed costs roughly $10, whereas installing potted native grasses can set you back around $1,000 [4]. Similarly, individual plant prices vary widely: a star of Bethlehem bulb costs about $0.10, while a spring beauty bulb ranges from $5 to $10 [4].
One challenge is the limited availability of native plant plugs, which often pushes homeowners toward pricier potted options or specialized nurseries [4]. However, planting native species like Coreopsis, Rudbeckias, Monardas, or asters from seed can help cut down these initial costs [4].
While the upfront investment for native plants can be steep, their maintenance costs over time are much lower.
Maintenance Costs Over Time
Once established, native plants require less upkeep [1]. Their natural compatibility with Maryland’s climate means they thrive without constant watering, unlike many non-native species that can drive up water bills.
Native plants also reduce the need for fertilizers. According to the Gunpowder Valley Conservancy:
"An established native plant garden needs little maintenance. Native plants are adapted to Maryland’s climate, so they can handle our seasonal droughts with little watering and don’t need fertilizer to grow in Maryland soils. Less fertilizer also means less nutrient pollution in the Chesapeake Bay." [1]
On top of that, native plants are less vulnerable to diseases and pests, which means fewer herbicides and pesticides are needed [5]. This not only saves money but also lessens environmental harm.
In contrast, non-native plants can have a broader, hidden cost. Invasive species alone cost the U.S. an estimated $120 billion annually [6].
Cost Comparison Table
| Cost Category | Native Plants | Non-Native Plants |
|---|---|---|
| Initial Purchase | Around $5–$10 per bulb (e.g., spring beauty) | About $0.10 per bulb (e.g., star of Bethlehem) |
| Lawn Replacement | Approximately $1,000 (using potted native plants) | Roughly $10 (using grass seed) |
Maintenance Requirements: What Maryland Homeowners Need to Know
When it comes to landscaping in Maryland, the difference between native and non-native plants goes beyond just cost. Maintenance demands can vary widely, and choosing plants that thrive in Maryland’s climate can save both time and money.
How Plants Handle Local Conditions
Native plants bring a clear edge to the table. As the Gunpowder Valley Conservancy points out:
"Trees, shrubs and grasses that are ‘native’ – indigenous to a particular region before European colonization – are better adapted to that region’s growing conditions." [1]
Thanks to their natural adaptation to Maryland’s humid summers, fluctuating rainfall, and clay-heavy soils, native plants require less watering and fertilization to thrive [1]. They’re built to handle the local environment with minimal intervention.
Non-native plants, on the other hand, often struggle. They may need extra care, like frequent watering during dry periods, soil adjustments to balance pH levels, and regular fertilization just to stay healthy. Some non-native species can also cause headaches by either failing to establish properly or spreading uncontrollably due to the lack of natural predators in the area.
The maintenance gap is hard to ignore. Traditional landscapes filled with non-native plants often demand heavy use of fertilizers, pesticides, and supplemental watering – practices that rely on significant fossil fuel consumption. In contrast, native plant landscapes are much less resource-intensive [2]. Their ability to thrive naturally also makes them more resistant to local pests, which is an added bonus.
Pest and Disease Resistance
Another major benefit of native plants is their natural pest and disease resistance. Over thousands of years, these plants have co-evolved with Maryland’s local insects and wildlife, creating a balanced ecosystem that keeps pest issues in check [7]. They also support beneficial species, including up to 90% of local butterflies and moths, as well as 60% of native bees, which contribute to natural pest control [7].
Non-native plants face a different set of issues. Without natural predators in Maryland, some invasive species can spread rapidly and unchecked [11]. Take the empress tree (Paulownia tomentosa), for example – it can produce an astonishing 20 million seeds, with trees maturing and flowering in just 10 years [9].
Invasive plants don’t just outcompete other species; they can disrupt natural systems. By altering soil nutrient cycles or even fire patterns, they make it harder for other plants, including those in your carefully planned landscape, to survive [10]. On top of that, managing invasive plants often requires ongoing use of chemicals and water.
For Maryland homeowners, the solution is clear: opt for native plants that match your yard’s specific light and soil conditions. Not only will this cut down on maintenance, but it also creates a landscape that’s both beautiful and sustainable. A mix of native plants with staggered bloom times can keep your garden visually appealing and provide food for pollinators throughout the year [1].
sbb-itb-843f8be
Impact on Local Ecosystems: Native vs. Non-Native Plants
The plants you choose for your Maryland landscape do more than decorate your yard – they directly impact the local ecosystem. Whether you go with native or non-native plants, your decision influences the delicate balance of nature around your home. By understanding these effects, you can make choices that benefit both your property and the environment.
Benefits for Local Wildlife and Pollinators
Native plants are the cornerstone of thriving ecosystems. Studies show they attract pollinators at rates four times higher than non-native plants [15]. A staggering 90% of native insects, including butterfly caterpillars, depend entirely on the plants they’ve evolved alongside for thousands of years [15]. This makes native plants essential for supporting local wildlife and pollinators.
Non-native plants, on the other hand, can extend the flowering season and provide additional nectar when native plants aren’t blooming [13]. Some research suggests that a mix of native and non-native plants could help sustain pollinator populations throughout the growing season [13]. However, while bee abundance and diversity may appear similar across native and non-native areas, the types of bees present vary significantly [14]. Native plants, in particular, support specialist insects that rely on specific plant families [12]. While non-native plants can offer some benefits, they often fall short of providing the deep ecological support that native plants naturally deliver.
Problems with Non-Native and Invasive Species
When non-native plants become invasive, they can wreak havoc on ecosystems. These invaders cost the U.S. approximately $120 billion annually [16]. By outcompeting native plants, they reduce plant diversity and disrupt the food web.
Invasive species don’t just compete for space – they can change the environment itself. Some alter soil pH or create conditions that favor their own spread, pushing out native species [16]. They also threaten over 40% of the nation’s endangered or threatened species [17]. In Maryland, for example, invasive Phragmites now covers up to one-third of the tidal wetlands along the East Coast [17]. These invaded areas often become fire hazards, kill mature trees, and require expensive restoration efforts to recover.
Environmental Impact Comparison Table
| Impact Category | Native Plants | Non-Native Plants (Invasive Potential) |
|---|---|---|
| Pollinator Support | Attract pollinators 4x more; support specialist insects | Provide nectar but often fail to support specialist insects |
| Wildlife Food Web | Essential for 90% of native insects | Limited support for native wildlife |
| Ecosystem Stability | Preserve natural balance and soil health | Can disrupt soil chemistry and ecosystem dynamics |
| Long-term Costs | Low maintenance after establishment | Contribute to $120 billion in annual damages [16] |
| Biodiversity Impact | Promote diverse native species and habitats | Threaten over 40% of endangered species [17] |
| Habitat Quality | Provide tailored habitats for local wildlife | Often fail to meet specific habitat needs |
The takeaway? While some non-native plants can complement Maryland’s landscapes, native plants are the backbone of a healthy ecosystem. As Judy Fulton, Founder of EcoPlant Consulting, explains:
"Native plants are especially beneficial to the environment and are key, but not all non-natives are bad. We have plenty of good non-natives." [8]
The key is distinguishing between non-natives that can coexist peacefully and those that disrupt the environment. By prioritizing native plants, you can help ensure Maryland’s wildlife and ecosystems continue to thrive.
How to Use Native Plants in Maryland Landscaping
Native plants offer both cost savings and ecological benefits, making them a smart choice for Maryland landscaping. Here’s how to incorporate them effectively into your outdoor spaces.
Choosing the Right Native Plants
To get started, select native species that thrive in Maryland’s unique environment. Options like Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis), Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta), Virginia Sweetspire (Itea virginica), and Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) are excellent choices. Match these plants to your site’s specific conditions – sunlight, soil type, and moisture levels. Grouping plants with similar needs not only simplifies care but also creates a natural, cohesive look.
Maryland’s Low-Impact Landscaping Law, enacted in 2021, supports homeowners in designing landscapes that conserve water, reduce maintenance, prevent pollution, and provide habitats for wildlife [19]. Once you’ve selected the right plants, focus on proper planting techniques and care to ensure long-term success.
Planting and Care Methods
Timing is key – planting in the fall allows roots to establish before winter, while spring plantings may require extra watering during the first year [3]. Start by preparing the soil: loosen compacted areas and mix in compost to improve drainage and nutrient availability [18].
For dense planting, space smaller plants (quart-sized) about 12 inches apart and gallon-sized plants roughly 14 inches apart [22]. If you’re working with larger areas, consider using landscape plugs. These can significantly cut costs, reducing expenses from approximately $6 per square foot to $3–$4 per square foot when spaced 8–10 inches apart [22]. To manage costs and gain experience, start with smaller sections of your yard and expand over time [20].
Before introducing native plants, it’s crucial to remove invasive species like Japanese barberry, English ivy, and garlic mustard. These invasive plants compete with natives for resources and can increase long-term maintenance challenges [3].
Pro Landscapes MD: Professional Native Landscaping Services
For those looking for expert help, Pro Landscapes MD specializes in native landscaping tailored to central Maryland’s conditions. Their services include everything from plant selection to installation and ongoing maintenance.
They incorporate features like rain gardens and eco-friendly drainage solutions, enhancing both functionality and sustainability [5]. Their work aligns with Maryland’s environmental priorities. As the Maryland Department of General Services explains:
"By selecting native plants for State grounds, our green spaces can act as a natural buffer in preventing pollution runoff and erosion while serving as habitats and food sources for wildlife." [21]
Pro Landscapes MD also offers additional services, such as installing environmental pavers and designing outdoor spaces that complement native plantings. Serving areas like Annapolis, Baltimore, Bethesda, and Columbia, their approach blends immediate aesthetic appeal with long-term environmental benefits. By choosing native landscaping, you’re investing in a solution that’s not only visually pleasing but also sustainable and cost-effective over time.
Conclusion: Weighing Cost, Maintenance, and Ecosystem Benefits
The numbers are clear: native landscaping is not only more economical but also a boon for local wildlife. Compared to turf grass, native landscaping offers substantial savings both initially and over time. Installation costs for native plantings range from $3,400 to $5,975 per acre, while turf grass can set you back $7,800 to $14,825 per acre. Maintenance costs tell a similar story – native plantings require just $1,600 to $1,788 annually per acre, compared to the hefty $5,550 to $6,471 for turf upkeep [23].
Studies back this up, showing up to 56% lower installation costs and significant annual savings with native landscaping [23]. Beyond the financial perks, time is another factor. Maryland homeowners could save hundreds of hours annually, as lawns can demand up to 24 times more maintenance time than native gardens [24].
The ecological impact of native plants is equally compelling. Native species support 29 times more wildlife diversity than their non-native counterparts [25]. For instance, a single native white oak tree can host 557 species of butterflies and moths, while a non-native ginkgo tree supports just five [25].
"Native plants are the foundation of healthy ecosystems… They’ve shown how all of us, through small actions, can make a meaningful difference. There’s a saying that if you plant natives, wildlife will come! It’s true – fireflies, butterflies, wild bees, and songbirds – they’ve coevolved with the unique chemistries and phenologies of indigenous flora. By incorporating a greater abundance and variety of native plants in our residential and commercial landscapes, we’ll not only support these charismatic animals, but we’ll also mitigate biodiversity loss, and contribute to a healthy Bay." – Lisa Kuder, Native Plants & Landscape Specialist at University of Maryland Extension [26]
| Factor | Native Plants | Non-Native Plants |
|---|---|---|
| Installation Cost (per acre) | $3,400–$5,975 | $7,800–$14,825 |
| Annual Maintenance (per acre) | $1,600–$1,788 | $5,550–$6,471 |
| Wildlife Species Supported | 29× more diverse | Limited support |
| Water Requirements | Minimal after establishment | Ongoing irrigation needs |
These cost savings and ecological benefits make native landscaping a smart and sustainable choice for Maryland homeowners. If you’re ready to make the switch, Pro Landscapes MD can help you get started. They specialize in native landscaping, offering tailored plant selection, expert installation, and ongoing maintenance services throughout central Maryland. Their approach ensures you can enjoy both immediate savings and long-term environmental benefits.
FAQs
Why are native plants often more expensive upfront compared to non-native plants?
Native plants often have a higher upfront cost because they require specific cultivation and propagation techniques. They’re usually produced in smaller quantities, which makes them less accessible compared to non-native options. On top of that, establishing native plants sometimes demands more effort to ensure they thrive in their natural surroundings.
That said, while the initial investment might be steeper, native plants can actually save you money over time. They need less maintenance and rely less on fertilizers, pesticides, and excessive watering. Since they’re naturally adapted to the local climate and soil, they become a practical and economical choice in the long run.
Why are native plants important for Maryland’s wildlife and ecosystems?
Native plants are a cornerstone of Maryland’s ecosystems, offering food, shelter, and habitats for local wildlife. They play a key role in supporting pollinators, birds, and other species, contributing to biodiversity and keeping the ecological balance intact. In fact, native plants can support up to 29 times more wildlife diversity compared to non-native species, making them a vital part of a healthy environment.
What’s more, these plants are naturally suited to Maryland’s climate and soil conditions. This means they need less water, fewer fertilizers, and minimal upkeep. By choosing native plants for your garden or yard, you’re not just creating a beautiful space – you’re also encouraging a thriving ecosystem and reducing your environmental footprint.
What are the financial and environmental advantages of using native plants instead of non-native ones in landscaping?
Choosing native plants for your landscaping can save you money and help the environment at the same time.
From a financial perspective, native plants are easier on your wallet over time. They don’t need as much upkeep – less watering, fewer fertilizers, and minimal pest control. That translates to lower water bills and less money spent on landscaping products.
On the environmental side, native plants are naturally suited to the local climate and soil, which means they grow with little extra effort. They also play a key role in supporting local wildlife, like bees and butterflies, while improving soil quality and preventing erosion. Plus, they help manage stormwater runoff, creating a landscape that’s not just attractive but also eco-friendly.
Chat with Us